Means for feeding and mixing fluids.



J. B. BROGKHURST. MEANS FOR FEEDING AND MIXING FLUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28, 1910.

Patented Jan. 16, 1912.

3SHBETSSHEET l.

J. B. BROUKHURST. MEANS FOR FEEDING AND MIXING FLUIDS. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28. 1910.

1 ,014,945 Patented Jan. 16, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. B; BROQKHURST. MEANS EOR FEEDING AND MIXING. FLUIDS A'PPLIUATION FILED JAN. 28, 1910.

LGM 945 Patented Jan. 1 1912.

s SHEBTSSHEET a.

f \Q Q v U tnvrrnn s'ra'rns 'ra'rnn r orrcn JAMIIS B. BROCKHURST, OF RED BANK, NEW JERSEY.

MEANS FOR FEEDING AND MIXING-FLUIDS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 16, 11912.

Application filed January 28, 1910. Serial I il'o. 540,601

To-all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1', JAMES B. BROOK- HURST, a citizen of the United State's of America, and a resident of Red Banlqtounty of Monmouth, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful -Improveinents in Means for Feeding and Mixing Fluids, of which. the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof. 1

My invention 'relates to improvements in means for feeding and mixing fluids, and

' consists first, in a novel form and construccarbureting meansIemploy an improved ti'on of injector.

In carrying out the first part of my invention, I provide means for applying heat to the liquid hydro-carbons for the'purpose of Vaporizing and gasifying the same, the amount of such heat employed .being preferably sufficient to generate t will be relatively fixed gases, and. where the gases are to be employed as fuel in an internal combustion engine I conveniently and preferably, employ the heat of the exhaust gases therefrom for this purpose. In the form and construction of nozzle and mixing chamber, and means for adjusting the parts 1 for regulat-ingthe mixture.

used, whereby the In carrying out the second. part of my invention, I provide means for automatically regulating the supply of the carburetcd mixture to the point of use, the appa-. ratus beingso arranged as to provide that thequantity supplied, beyond a certain point, be inversely proportioned tothe ,amount effective governor, husiwhennsed with an internal combustion-engine, the'sup 1y of fuel will be reduced as-the speed-0f, e one gases by destructive distillation whereby the gases so' produced lating sleeve employed. apparatus will act as an gine increases beyond a desired limit, the increasedspeed at whichthe mixture is drawn through the apparatus being caused to throttle the admission. I also provide means under the direct control of an operator for regulating the normal supply of the mixture and for the supply at will.

In carrying out the third feature of my invention, I provide a novel form, arrangement and. construction of injector in which liquid is self fed to a closed vessel, againstpressure therein, the amount so fed in be ing automatically regulated in ac )rdance with the amount used -whereby a uniform level of the liquid will be maintained in the vessel.

My invention also consists in many novel details of construction and combinations of parts such as will'be fully pointed out-hereinafter, and in order that my invention may .ioe thoroughly understood, I will nowpr.

ceed'to describe an embodiment thereof,

temporarily increasing having reference to the accompanying drawin-gs illustrating the same, and will then point out the novel features in claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a View in side elevation of a carburetor constructed in accordance with my invention, showing the same as connected to the steering post of a motor vehicle, wherein it may be em- -.ployed in combination with an internal combustion engine employed for motive purposes therem. Fig. 2 1s a. View of the carbu reter from beneath, showing the same partly in underside elevation and partly in central transverse section. F1g.- 3 1s an enlarged detail'sectlonal view of certain parts thereof .showingparticularlythe nozzle, the mixing chamber and the injector. Fig. 4 is :1 diagi'ammatic view showin the nozzle of the carbureter connected wit a source of supply. Fig. 5 is a. diagrammatic view of a modified "form oft-he apparatus in which a pump is substituted for the injector, for

the purpose of feeding liquid to the. carbureter. Fig. 6is a detailend view of a regu- -T-he apparatus comprises generally a closed .vessllO for containing the liquid. hydro-carbon, a heating chamber 11, a mixiilg chamber .12, and'means for supplying transverse with respect to the path of the movement of the air from the nozzle 16, will be mingled therewith and'the carburetedair 'will then pass through the connection ,44 to the engine" or other point .of use. The amount of gas discharged through the nozzle will be initially adjusted bymea'ns of the permanent adjustment of the nozzle mem-f' bers, but it may alsobe adjusted by the op erator; at the time of use by manipulation of the manualm'ember 39 of the controlling shaft 38 to operate theneedle valve 24;. At the Sametime as the needle valve 24 tends to shut off thesupply ofgas, the supply of air is also restricted by reasonoft-he f'act that the sleeve 27 will, in moving downward,

"partially close the enlarged portion"42 of the mixing chamber 12, and in addition thereto theA-ower end of'the sleeve'will, in moving downward, throttle the passage of carbureted air to the connection &4. In

addition to this manual control there is alsoan automatic control which operates in the following manner, The 'inrushing ,air through the inlet as, acts upon-the surface of the spider arms h). with a tendency-to carry-the-sleeve and-needle valve secured the spring 31.

thereto, downward, against-the pressure of This tendency varies in ac cordance with the speed "'ht which the in coming air moves, and this speed is, of

course, regulated by the quantity of fuel 7 used in a given time. Thus, where the fuel is employed in an internal combustion engine, any tendency toward an increase of speed thereof beyond a certain limit will cause the sleeve and needle valve to move downward to throttle the admission, thereby formingian eflective governor to'prevent racing of the engine.

c I conveniently provide an auxiliarymeans by which the supply may be automatical.ly-' opened wide regardless of the manual adjustment .of the parts, or regardless of the tendency of the parts to move to a partially closed position under the automatic control just stated, whereby the operator may provide for full supply temporarily without interfering with the normal adjust ment or working of the parts. This means comprises an auxiliary"lever 45 pivoted at i 46 to a stationary portion of the device, the

- said lever being arranged to engage the collar 25 of the needle valve stem. An operating member 47 conveniently in the form of a pedal is arranged for the quick operation of the lever 45. By depression of the. pedal 47 the needle valve and sleeve are instantly opened to their wide-open position auinst the tension ofthe spring 31, as will be readi ly understood, regardless of the position of the traveler 30.

The injectorwhich I have above alluded toas one means I employ for maintaining liquid-in the closed vessel 10, is provided With an injecting nozzle 48, a connection 49 theret'o from a point in the closed vessel at the level at which it is desired to maintain the liquid, a condensing chamber 50 arranged in front of the nozzle, a connection 51 connect'ing'the said condensing chamber with a. source ofsupply -as for instance, a

reservoir 52, and a passage 53 of reduced cross sectional area which leads to the closed vessel 10 preferably connecting "therewith through apipe 54 leading to the bottom thereof." The injectoracts as follows: As

the lejvel of liquid uncovers the lower parts of (the pi e 49 volatile gases liberated from the liqui pass up through the pipe 49 to theinjector nozzle 48.- When they reach the chamber 50 they condense partly on account 'of the loss of heat due to their rapid expansion as they leave the nozzle and enter the chamber 50', and partly owing to the .factthat the said condensin chamber is located in immediate proximity to the mix mg chamber through which cold air 1s constantly circulating. The condensation of these gases lowers the pressure in the chamber 50 thereby inducing a flow of liquid from the source .of supply-through the connection 51. The fluids from the chamber 50 will then be discl iarged through the passage 53, andas'the said passage 53 is of reduced cross sectional area, the speed of their passage theret-hrough will be accelerated to such an extent that the liquid will be fed into the closed vessel against the pressure therein. When the lower end Jf the. pipe 49 is sealed by the liquid therein'the foregoing action will cease and it will not start up again until the lower end of the pipe is again uncovered, whereby-a constant level of liquid will be maintained in the said vessel. In first starting up it will, of course, be understood that'the carburetor being cold, there will be no pressure inthe closed vessel 10 or the said vessel may be entirely empty, and hence I provide a priming pump 56 for initially drawing liquid from the tank 52 through the connection 51 and delivering it-to the vessel 10, and also for creating an initial pressure in the vessel 10 to preferred, employ the circulating pump 14 of Fig. 5, the same eing arranged to discharge to the lower end of the closed vessel 10, and an overflow pipe 55 being employed to return excess liquid to the tank 52 or other source of supply. In this means the pump may be constantly operating regard less of the amount of fuel used, the excess liquid being merely caused to circulate between the vessels 52 and 10.

The upper end of the vessel52 may be connected with the exhaust of the engine by means of a pipe 57, itdesired, as is common practice, and in the example of my invention shown inFig. l such an arrangement would, of course, assist the injector action; in the example of my inventionshown in Fig. 5 it will, be readily seen that in any event the pressure in the upper end of the vessel 52 will never be less than that in the upper end of the vessel 10.

What I claim is:

1. In a carbureter, the combination with tWo closed chambers having a common wall between them,one containing liquidlhydro-carbons and the other having connections by which the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine may be circulated therethrough,--of an cduction pipe leading from the liquid chamber through the said heated gas circulating chamber.

2. In a carburetor, the combination with a casing provided with-a channel for the passage of currents of air therethrough, and a nozzle located in. the said passage, of a needle valve for controlling the discharge through the said nozzle, a valve in the said channel for regulating the passage oit' fluid therethrough, manually controlled means for simultaneously operating the two said valves, and means under the control of, an operator for temporarily throwing both of the said valves open independently of the operation of the said manual operating means.

3. In a carburetor, the combination with a casing having a ')assage for air currents therethrmlgh, and means for carbureting the air, of automatically controlled means for throttling the discharge of the carbureted air as the amount used increases.

4. In a carburetor, the combination with a casing having a passage for air currents therethrough, and means for carbureting the air, of automatically controlled mean for throttling the admission of air as the speed at which the carburetcd air is discharged, increases.

5. In a carburetor, the combination with a casing having a passage for air currents therethrough, and means for admitting hydro-carbon fluid to carburet the air, of automatically controlled means for throttling the admission of air and also for reducing the supply of hvdro-carbon fluid admitted,

as the speed at Which the carbureted air is discharged, increases. I

6. In a carburetor, he combination with a casing having a passage for air currents therethrough, and means for admitting hydro-carbon fluid to carburet the air, of automatically controlled means for proportionately reducing the amount of the hydrocarbon fluid, and of the air, admitted to the passage, as the speed at which the carbureted air is discharged, increases.

7. In a carbureter, the combination with a casing having a passage for air currents therethrough, and means for carbureting the air, of a valve in the said passage arranged to close in the direction in which the air currents travel, the said valve having portions located transversely in the path of the air currents, and a spring acting upon the valve to open the same in opposition to the action of the air currents.

,8. In a carbureter, the combination with a casing having a tubular channel for the passage of air currents theretln-ough, and means for carburcting the air therein, of a tubular sleeve constituting a valve mounted in the said passage, and arranged to close in the direction in which the air currents travel, the said sleeve having portions arranged transverse of the passage in the path of the air currents, and a spring operating upon the valve sleeve to open the same in opposition to the'movements of the air currents.

9. In a carburetor, the combination with a casing having a tubular channel therethrough for the passage of air currents, and IllilIlS for carbureting the air therein, of a tubular sleeve constituting a valve mounted in the said channel and adapted to control the passage of air therethrough, a valve for the said carbureting means attached to the said sleeve, and manual operating means for the said sleeve and valve.

10. In a. carbureter, the combination with a casing having a tubular channel thercthrough for the passage of air currents, and. means for carbureting the air therein, of a tubular sleeve constituting a valve mounted in the said channel and adapted to control the passage of air therethrough, a valve for the said carbureting means attached to the said sleeve, the said sleeve having portions arranged transversely in the path of the air currents, and a spring tending to move the sleeve in a direction opposite to the di rection of movement of the air currents to open the said valves.

11. -In a carburetor, the combination with a casing and a valve for controlling the passage of fluid therethrough, of manual adjusting means for adjusting the normal position of the said valve, and a spring operating to open the said valve, the said valve being arranged with .a portion disposed a casing I charge from the transverse with respect to the fluid'currents through the casing, whereby the fluid currents impinging thereon will tend to close the said valve against the actionof the said spring. I v

12. In a carbureter, the combination With having a, tubular channel therethrough for the passage of air currents, and means'for carbureting the air therein, of a, tubular sleeve mounted in the said channel and adapted to control the passageof air therethrough, a valve for the said carbureting means attached to the said sleeve, the

said sleeve having portions-arranged trans;

versely in the path of the air currents, a spring tending to move the sleeve in a dimovement of the air currents, and independent means under the control of an operator for moving the said sleeve and valve. I

13. An injecting means comprising a closed vessel, a nozzle whose inlet is connected to the said closed vessel at a point therein at the level of the liquid desired .to be maintained, and havi g a condensing chamber at the nozzle, and .means'to connect the said chamber wit-h a source of supply, the said chamber being connected, in the direction of the discharge from the nozzle, with the said closed vessel. l

14. An injectingv means comprising a closed vessel, a .nozzle whose inlet is connected' to the said closed vessel at-a'point therein at the level ofthe liquid desired to maintained, and having a condensing .chamber at the point of discharge of the nozale, and means to connect the-said chamber supply, the said chamber in the direction of the disnozzle, with the said closed vessel through a passage of reduced cross sectional areal i with a source of being connected,

15. An injecting means comprising a closed vessel, a nozzle whose inlet is connected therein at. the level of the liquid 'desired to be maintained, and lia'vi a' condensing chamber at the point of dlschargeof the nozzle, and means to connect the said'chamber witha source of sup ly, the saidchamher being connected, in t lde direction of the discharge from the nozzle, with the said closed Vessel, together with means located in proximity to the expansion chamber for reducing the temperature therein.

16. An injecting means comprising a closed vessel, a nozzle whose inlet is connected to the said closed vessel at a point therein at the level-of the liquid desired to be maintained, and having a' condensing chamber at the point of discharge of the nozfile, and means to connect the said chamber with a source of supply, the said chamber l point of discharge of theto the said closed vessel at a point means independently being connected, in the direction of the discharge from the nozzle, with the said closed vessel, together with a cated in proximity with the said expansion chamber.

' 17. Carbureting means comprising a closed vessel for containing liquid, a chamber in proximity thereto for receiving a fluid heating medium, and an eduction pipe leading from the upper end of the said closed vessel, through the said chamber, the said pipe having a passage also connecting the lower end of the vessel therewith.

18. In a carbureter, the c6mbination with two closed chambers having a common wall between them,' -one contaimng liquid hydrocarbons and the other having connections by which the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine may be circulated therethrough, of an eduction pipe leading from the upper end of the liquid containing chamber through the said heated gas circulating chamber, the said pipe having a passage or relatively small cross sectional area also connecting the lower end of the said liquid containin chamber therewith.

19. he combination with a casing containing a passage for fluid currents, of a throttle valve for reducing the flow of such currents through the passage, a spring operating to open the valve, the fluid currents operatlng against the spring in a direction to close the valve whereby the valve is proportionately closed as the speed of the current through the passage increases, and means for manually adjusting the spring.

20. The combination with a casing containing a passage for fluid currents, of a .throttle valve for reducing the flow of such currents through the passage, a spring operating to open the valve, the fluid currents operatlng against the spring in a direction to close the valve whereby the valve is proportionately closed asthe speed of the current through the passage increases, and means for adjusting the normal position of the valve while maintaining the same spring pressure thereon.

21. A speed governing device comprising a casing having a passage for fluid currents therethrough, means for governing the speed of the currents, adjustable tension means in op osition thereto, and a manual operating e ement for operating the governing slon means.

' 22. In speed governing devices, the combination with a casing having a passage for fluid currents therethrough, means for governing the speed of the currents, an adjustable tension in opposition thereto, and manually operated means for throwing out such adjustment at the will of the operator.

'23. Carbureting means including a closed cooling chamber loof the adjustable ten-- liquid fuel containing vessel, a vaporizing means for vaporizing liquid conveyed therefrom and'means for supplying liquid fuel to the closed vessel against the pressure the air, of automatically controlled means for throttling the discharge of the carbureted air as the amount used increases, and means operated simultaneously, therewith for throttling th air admitted to the casing in a predetermined ratio.

Signed at New York, this 26 day of Jan- 15 uary, 1910.

- Y JAMES B. BROGKHURST.

Witnesses Y D. H0WARD HAYWOOD, LYMAN S. ANDREWS, Jr.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

- Washington, I). G. 

